How to make and use maps in Minecraft
Craft an Empty Map, use it and walk around to fill it in, then zoom, copy and lock it at a Cartography Table.

The Cartography Table zooms, copies and locks maps cheaply.
It is made with the Crafting Table from 4 × Oak Planks (or another variant) and 2 × Paper. It is mined with an axe. As fuel it burns for 15 seconds in a Furnace, enough to smelt 1.5 items.
Add Paper to a map to zoom it out, an Empty Map to copy it, or a Glass Pane to lock it so it never changes. Doing the same in the crafting grid costs more. Craft it from two paper over four planks; it is also the job site of cartographers.
2 × Paper + 4 × Any of #planks → Cartography Table
// Slots with several items cycle through every accepted option.
Craft an Empty Map, use it and walk around to fill it in, then zoom, copy and lock it at a Cartography Table.
Cartography Table
At the Crafting Table: 4 × Oak Planks (or another variant) and 2 × Paper give 1 × Cartography Table. Mining the block drops it.
It edits maps and makes cartographers.
The fastest tool is the axe.
Yes. In a Furnace it burns for 15 seconds, enough to smelt 1.5 items.
Placed under a Note Block, Cartography Table gives the Double bass sound.